A Laptop is a personal computer created for portable use. Laptop is small enough to carry along. A laptop comprises of almost all the typical components of a desktop, including a display, a keyboard, a touchpad which is also known as trackpad or a pointing stick, and speakers and includes a battery, into a single, small and light unit.

This battery can run the laptop for 2-3 hours, depending on computer’s power management configurations. The batteries can be easily recharged with the AC adopter and can store enough amount of energy.

Laptop is a kind of large notebook with dimensions between 10x8 inches (27x22cm, 13" display) to 15x11 inches (39x28cm, 17" display) and up and thickness between 0.7–1.5 inches (18–38 mm). Modern laptops weigh in between 3 to 12 pounds.

Originally it was considered that the laptops were “a small niche market” and only meant for specialized field applications but today laptops put on the shoes of desktop as there are more number of laptops than desktops especially in business and it is becoming an obligatory thing for the students as it is more popular for general use.

In 2008, it was found that greater number of laptops was sold than desktops. The first laptop with the flip form factor was introduced in 1982. In 1983, Gavilan SC was the first notebook introduced with the name “laptop”. High capacity hard drives and optical storage appeared in laptops soon after their introduction in desktops.

The term “laptop” or “notebook” refer to many classes of small portable computers. These can be classified in two different ways:

By purpose and by screen size:

1.    Desktop replacement - A desktop replacement computer is a computer with similar level of performance as in desktops and capabilities. They are less portable with the screen size of 15” which is quite large.

2.    Standard Laptop- It is a kind of computer which balances portability and features with 13-15” screen.

3.    Sub-notebook - It is also called as Ultra-portable by some vendors. It is marketed emphasizing on the portability with small screen which is approx 13” or smaller, with low weight and long battery life.

By features:

1.    Budget- It is a cheap computer with standard size. It is a low performance computer.

2.    Table PC- It has a touch screen interface. It may or may not have a keyboard.

3.    Netbook- It is a smaller version of sub-notebook with 9” screen. It is cheaper and suited to internet surfing and basic office applications.

4.    Gaming Laptop- it is a larger laptop with powerful graphic card. It is for playing graphic intensive games of computer.

5.    Rugged- it is designed so as to operate in harsh and extreme conditions like in wet and dusty environments, extreme temperature and strong vibrations.

Some of the advantages of laptops are:

1.    Size- Laptops are smaller in size than PCs. When space is at premium they are very beneficial and can be closed and put away.

2.    Low power consumption-  Laptops are more power efficient than desktops and uses 20-90 W. This is beneficial in business and homes where there computer is used 24/7.

3.    Quiet- These are often quieter than the desktops due to the fewer and slower cooling fans and the components that are used into this.

4.    Battery- A charged laptop can run for several hours in case of power outage. It is not affected by short power interruptions. Whereas desktop PC requires a very efficient UPS to handle brownouts, spikes and the short power interruptions. To achieve on battery time for 20-30 minutes a desktop requires a very expensive UPS.

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